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Pakistan
Principal languages: Urdu 8%, English (both official);
Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant)
10%, Pashtu 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%,
Burushaski, and others 8%
Ethnicity/race: Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch,
Muhajir (immigrants from India and their descendants)
Religions: Islam 97% (Sunni 77%, Shiite 20%); Christian,
Hindu, and other 3%
National Holiday:
Republic Day, March 23
Literacy
rate:
49.9% (2005 est.)
Economic
summary
GDP/PPP (2009 est.): $449.3 billion; per capita
$2,600. Real growth rate: 2.7%. Inflation:
14.2%. Unemployment: 15.2% plus substantial
underemployment. Arable land: 25%.
Agriculture: cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits,
vegetables; milk, beef, mutton, eggs. Labor force:
46.84 million; note: extensive export of labor,
mostly to the Middle East, and use of child labor;
agriculture 42%, industry 20%, services 38% (2004 est.).
Industries: textiles and apparel, food
processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials,
paper products, fertilizer, shrimp. Natural
resources: land, extensive natural gas reserves,
limited petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper,
salt, limestone. Exports: $17.87 billion (2009
est.): textiles (garments, bed linen, cotton cloth,
yarn), rice, leather goods, sports goods, chemicals,
manufactures, carpets and rugs. Imports: $28.31
billion (2009 est.): petroleum, petroleum products,
machinery, plastics, transportation equipment, edible
oils, paper and paperboard, iron and steel, tea.
Major trading partners: U.S., UAE, UK, Germany, Hong
Kong, Saudi Arabia, China, Japan, Kuwait (2004).
Communications: Telephones:
main lines
in use: 2.861 million (March 1999); mobile cellular:
158,000 (1998). Radio broadcast stations: AM 27,
FM 1, shortwave 21 (1998). Radios: 13.5 million
(1997). Television broadcast stations: 22 (plus
seven low-power repeaters) (1997). Televisions:
3.1 million (1997). Internet Service Providers
(ISPs): 30 (2000). Internet users: 1.2
million (2000).
Transportation: Railways:
total: 8,163 km (2002). Highways: total: 254,410
km; paved: 109,396 km (including 339 km of expressways);
unpaved: 145,014 km (1999). Ports and harbors:
Karachi Port, Gwadar Port Muhammad bin Qasim. Airports: 124
(2002).
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